General
information about the activities of the International Criminal Court.
ICC general
What's
the ICC up to?
New African, 1 May 2009
"So what use is the ICC? Millius Palayiwa, registrar of Christ Church College, Oxford University, attempts an answer in this article. When it comes to international justice, he writes, it is important to know who is doing the indicting, who is being indicted, at whose behest, what the charges are, and the system of law in use ... "
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Global
Justice or Global Revenge? The ICC and the Politicization of International Criminal
Justice
Lecture delivered by Prof Dr Hans Köchler at the
World Conference for International Justice - 6 April 2009
"Among many sectors of international civil society the creation of the International Criminal Court (ICC) has raised hopes that, from now on, international crimes could be prosecuted in a comprehensive, credible and consistent manner, in a way completely different from the victor’s justice of post-war tribunals or ad hoc tribunals created by the United Nations Security Council, the supreme executive organ of the world organization, in the years after the end of the Cold War. However, the noble idea of international criminal justice, administered by the ICC as a permanent institution, has been compromised from the outset and in two basic respects ... "
This
article is also available in a pdf version, click here
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The
ICC and Universal Jurisdiction: “Ubi
lex voluit, dicit; ubi noluit, tacit.”
by
Dr John Laughland - ICCwatch
The ICC judges are currently considering whether to approve the indictment issued in July 2008 by the ICC Prosecutor against the President of Sudan. Their decision is expected on 4th March.
Sudan is not a signatory state to the ICC Charter and therefore the country would not normally be considered subject to its jurisdiction. However, the situation in Darfur was referred to the ICC Prosecutor by the United Nations Security Council in 2005. In an earlier ruling in 2007, on indictments brought against a Sudanese minister, Ahmed Haroun, and a Sudanese paramilitary commander, Ali Kushayb, the judges confirmed the indictments, claiming that this referral by the Security Council meant that the ICC did have jurisdiction over states which have not signed or ratified its Charter.
It is therefore to be expected that the judges will make the same decision with respect to the indictment of the Sudanese president. But what was the basis of the 2007 ruling and how soundly based is it in the ICC Charter and in law? ...
This
ICCwatch article is available in a pdf version, click here
(40k)
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Nothing
international about ICC
by
Linda Heard - Arab News
"In 1998, 120 countries signed a treaty establishing a permanent international criminal court so that “no ruler, no state, no junta and no army anywhere will be able to abuse human rights with impunity”. The principle is great and honorable. A truly international court that protects ordinary citizens from abuse by their own governments and foreign nations is something we should all welcome. But wait...there’s just one problem. The International Criminal Court (ICC) doesn’t hold to its own constitution because, to date, it has held only Africans to account ... "
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The
Complexities Behind the al-Bashir Case
NRC
Handelsblad, 5 March 2009
"The arrest warrant issued by the International Criminal Court for Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir is a victory for the court's top prosecutor. But the chances that the case will ever come to trial are slim ... "
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Lawyers
divided over ICC witness preparation
By Katy Glassborow -
Institute for War & Peace Reporting
"As the first trial at the International Criminal Court, ICC, gets under way, the question of how to prepare witnesses for sharing their painful stories in court is dividing lawyers and judges. After a prosecution witness in proceedings against Congolese militia leader Thomas Lubanga temporarily withdrew his testimony, observers suggested he had not been properly prepared before appearing in court ... "
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Crimes
need to be punished, but is the ICC the right means?
by Brett
D. Schaefer, Radio Free Europe
"Although supporters of the court have a noble purpose, there are a number of reasons to be cautious and concerned about the effect the ICC could have on national sovereignty and politically precarious situations the world over .. "
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International
court under fire for prosecution policy
NRC
Handelsblad
"The chief prosecutor of the International Criminal Court (ICC) Luis Moreno-Ocampo has not only been accused of sexual misconduct but faces criticism about the way his office operates. The final of NRC’s three-part series into the ICC looks into the way the prosecutor selects cases to investigate ... "
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Utopia
deferred
by
Melanie Phillips - The Spectator
"The ICC supposedly embodies enlightened thinking, civilised values, the eclipse of the old order of venal self-interest by a collective endeavour of nations standing shoulder to shoulder to bring the world’s worst war criminals to the bar of justice.
How
deeply embarrassing, then, that its very first trial has been put on ice because
of a gross abuse of process by the court’s prosecutor, Luis Moreno-Ocampo
... "
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International
justice is power without responsibility
by
John Laughland - The Independent
"Many
people welcome the recent growth in the power of international criminal tribunals.
However, their track record should give cause for extreme concern about
the
way that this new supranational power will be wielded ... "
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The
International Criminal Court is a threat to democracy
by
Daniel Hannan MEP - Daily Telegraph
"A fearful blow has been struck against national sovereignty. The International Criminal Court has launched a prosecution against a head of state - a state, moreover, that has not signed the ICC treaty. International human rights apparatchiks are enjoying the warm glow of self-righteousness; but they have just made the world a darker and more dangerous place ..."
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ICC
comes under sharp criticism from US-based Human Rights Watch
Hirondelle
News Agency, Fondation Hirondelle - Arusha
"The American organization for the protection of human rights, Human Rights Watch (HRW) has sharply criticized the International Criminal Court (ICC) Prosecutor and its communication policy in a status report presented on Friday In The Hague, The Netherlands ... "
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Can
Excess of Justice Lead to Injustice?
by Lisa Clifford - Institute
for War & Peace Reporting
"A
man who does public relations for Sudan’s foreign ministry recently asked
me if I thought Ahmed Harun would get a fair trial at the International Criminal
Court, ICC.
He insisted it was impossible, and in the 45 degree heat of a
Sudanese summer afternoon it was simply too hot to talk ICC politics ... "
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Peace
v. justice: contradictory or complementary
by Zeid Ra'ad Zeid
Al Hussein, Marieke Wierda - American Society of International Law (2006)
"It is with great pleasure that I join you today to share some thoughts on what remains the dilemma bedeviling our age, as countries continue to attempt the transition from conflict to peace ... "
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Who's
afraid of the Big Bad Wolf? The International Criminal Court as a weapon of asymmetric
warfare
by
W. Chadwick Austin, Antony Barone Kolenc - Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational
Law (2006)
"The
United States is engaged in a war on terror against enemies who wage "asymmetric
war" through terrorism, media manipulation, and "law-fare"--exploiting
judicial processes to achieve political or military objectives. This Article explores
whether the fledgling International Criminal Court (ICC) could eventually be exploited
by these groups as a tool of asymmetric "law-fare." ... "
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ICC:
A well-intentioned but flawed court
by Alan W. Dowd, World
Politics Review
"Lubanga's
trial was supposed to be the ICC's first case and its first test. But with the
trial now indefinitely delayed due to prosecutorial misconduct, the ICC has failed
the test. No one should be surprised by this ... "
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ICC
indictment of a Head of State is 'A Political Act'
Interview
with Stephen Ellis, Leiden University - Radio Free Europe
"Indicting a head of state is a political act and it poses some fundamental questions about the ICC: is it an independent court or a political institution? ... "
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Dilemmas
of justice: The challenges faced by the international criminal court are about
more than "peace vs justice"
by
Phil Clark & Nicholas Waddell - Prospect
"In
the May issue of Prospect, Richard Dowden argued that the international criminal
court’s (ICC) approach to justice in northern Uganda was hindering the chances
of a sustainable peace deal between the government and the rebel Lord’s Resistance
Army (LRA). The dilemma is a genuine one, but it is worth adding that coverage
of the Uganda situation has often been framed in simple “peace vs justice”
terms. This "boxing match" terminology is more hindrance than help.
Rather than polarise the debate further, it is more useful to consider how different
approaches at different levels, at different times and by different institutions
can address the challenges of mass crimes in complementary ways ... "
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ICC
in the dock: worrying signs that the international criminal court's approach to
justice may be jeopardising peace in Africa
by Richard Dowden
- Prospect
"The
international criminal court (ICC) was set up in 2002 to prosecute individuals
for genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity. Some feared that its western-inspired,
universalist idea of justice might come into conflict with local forms of law,
jeopardising the process of reconciliation. Now that the court has started to
flex its muscles—issuing its first warrants, in October 2005, against five
leaders of the Lord's Resistance Army in Uganda, and more recently making an arrest
in the Democratic Republic of Congo and identifying suspects in Sudan—there
are signs that these fears may turn out to have been justified ... "
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Lies
of the vigilantes:
The
Srebrenica ruling punctures the false claims that underpin the doctrine of intervention
by
John Laughland - The Guardian
"Slobodan Milosevic was posthumously exonerated on Monday when the international court of justice ruled that Serbia was not responsible for the 1995 massacre at Srebrenica ... "
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Criminal
proceedings: The case against Slobodan Milosevic would never have held up in a
proper court of law
by
John Laughland - The Guardian
"I
was one of the last western journalists to meet Slobodan Milosevic. Having been
called to The Hague as a potential witness, I spent an hour in his cell in January
last year. Like most who met him, I found him polite and intelligent. "We
will win," he told me. "Freedom is a universal value. They have no evidence
against me." Such statements will shock those who have been assured that
Milosevic was a nationalist dictator bent on establishing a racially pure Greater
Serbia. But civilised societies ought to be reluctant to condone criminal convictions
based on hate campaigns ... "
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Post-Modernism
& the Silent Revolution
by Marc Glendening - European
Journal
"In
the aftermath of the fall of the Berlin Wall, the dominant view in the West was
that liberal democracy had won a decisive, final victory. According to Francis
Fukuyama we were experiencing the 'end of history'. No illiberal ideology, including
militant Islam, he argued, would from now on be capable of seriously threatening
representative government. This view should now be viewed as dangerously complacent
... "
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Sending
Blair to Prison
by John Laughland - Antiwar.com
"Following the decision not to prosecute the GCHQ whistleblower Katharine Gun, the suspicion is that the government will do anything to keep secret the advice submitted to it by the Attorney General, Lord Goldsmith, on the legality of the Iraq war. There is a very simple reason why the government would want to do this. If it turns out that the Iraq war was illegal, then Tony Blair could go to prison. In 2000, the United Kingdom ratified the Rome treaty which created the International Criminal Court ... "
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A
Lawless Global Court: How the International Criminal Court undermines the U.N.
system
by John Rosenthal - Hoover Institution Policy Review,
Feb/Mar 2004
"The Bush administration’s opposition to the recently inaugurated International Criminal Court (ICC) has provoked expressions of outrage and disappointment from human rights advocates worldwide and especially shrill condemnations from European commentators. Critics claim to discern in the administration’s rejection of the court a return to American “unilateralism” and proof of the arrogant disregard of the “one remaining superpower” for the wishes of the “international community” or, at any rate, the rest of it. Such rebukes give the impression that the court enjoys a far higher degree of international support than in fact it does ... "
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Debate:
Is International Law a Threat to Democracy?
Council
on Foreign Relations
Speakers: Jed Rubenfeld, Robert R. Slaughter professor
of law, Yale Law School
Anne-Marie Slaughter, dean, Woodrow Wilson School
of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University
Presider: Fareed
Zakaria, editor, Newsweek International
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The
self-defeating International Criminal Court
by
Jack Goldsmith - Professor of Law, The University of Chicago (2003)
"Great
expectations greeted the opening of the International Criminal
Court (ICC)
on July 1, 2002. Kofi Annan captured these expectations when he expressed the
hope that the new ICC would "deter future war criminals and bring nearer
the day when no ruler, no state, no junta and no army anywhere will be able to
abuse human rights with impunity." ... Scores of other world officials, human
rights activists, and international law experts made similar predictions.These
are unrealistic dreams. They are unrealistic for many reasons. But perhaps the
most salient reason is that the ICC as currently organized is, and will remain,
unacceptable to the United States ... "
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The
International Criminal Court and social engineering
by
Richard G. Wilkins - National Observer, Australia and World Affairs (2001)
"The I.C.C. statute purports to create a judicial mechanism with jurisdiction potentially reaching every individual on the face of the earth, whether or not that individual resides in (or is a citizen of) a country that has ratified the statute ... As currently structured, the I.C.C. Statute proposes to transfer a vast amount of decision making authority from previously sovereign nations to an international court that will be remote from (and unable to be controlled by) the diverse cultures and peoples of the world ... "
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International
criminal courts: some dissident views on the continuation of war by penal means
by
Carrie Gustafson - Houston Journal of International Law (1998)
"The recent horror of civil war in the Balkans generated a particular urgency in the West to do something to mask the appearance of disorder and moral collapse on its periphery. With the United States as lead lobbyist and financier, two ad hoc international criminal courts (ICCs) were established, ostensibly to restore order to the former Yugoslavia(3) and, as an afterthought, to Rwanda.(4) Hailed by U.N. leadership as moral progress,(5) these institutions were to merge our humanitarian instincts with a purported administrative capacity to control deviant behavior. Virtually overnight, the capacity of the international community to punish in a presumptively nondiscriminatory and salubrious manner grew exponentially, with scant philosophical reflection or historical depth ... "
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